TITLE:        Predictive trellis coded quantization of speech
AUTHORS:      M. W. Marcellin, T. R. Fischer, and J. D. Gibson
CONFERENCE:   International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and 
              Signal Processing, New York, N.Y., April 1988
ABSTRACT:
Trellis coded quantization is incorporated into a predictive coding 
structure for encoding sampled speech. Systems are developed using 
fixed prediction/fixed residual encoding, fixed prediction/adaptive 
residual encoding, and adaptive prediction/adaptive residual encoding. 
For a fully adaptive 16 Kbps speech coding system, segmental 
signal-to-noise ratios in the range of 17.5 to 20.2 dB are obtained 
for a variety of speakers and test sentences. Reconstructed speech 
obtained from this system can be described as being of excellent 
communications quality.